Which organ systems are primarily affected by cystic fibrosis?

Cystic fibrosis is a genetic disorder that primarily affects the lungs and pancreas, which is why the correct answer is centered around these organs. The condition results from mutations in the CFTR gene, leading to the production of thick, sticky mucus that can obstruct airways in the lungs and block the normal flow of digestive enzymes from the pancreas.

In the lungs, the thick mucus traps bacteria and other particles, creating an environment conducive to infections and respiratory issues. This can lead to chronic lung infections, difficulty breathing, and progressive lung damage.

In the pancreas, the mucus can block the release of digestive enzymes that are essential for the proper digestion and absorption of nutrients. This results in malabsorption and can lead to nutritional deficiencies, particularly concerning fats and fat-soluble vitamins.

While cystic fibrosis can also impact other organ systems like the intestines and, to some extent, the liver and skin, the lungs and pancreas are the most significantly affected organ systems and are crucial in the clinical manifestations and management of the condition.