Which of the following is a symptom of Gastro-Oesophageal Reflux Disease?

Excessive regurgitation or vomiting after feeds is considered a hallmark symptom of Gastro-Oesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) in children. GERD occurs when stomach contents flow back into the esophagus, leading to discomfort and various symptoms. In infants and young children, this can manifest as frequent spitting up or vomiting, especially after feedings.

This symptom often stems from the immaturity of the lower esophageal sphincter, which normally prevents the backflow of stomach contents. When this muscle is unable to function properly, it can result in food and acid moving upward, causing the child to regurgitate.

While persistent fever, severe coughing, and extreme fatigue can be indicative of various other illnesses, they are not directly associated with GERD. These symptoms might suggest infections or other conditions requiring different treatment approaches. In contrast, the excessive regurgitation is a direct indication of the reflux process and is central to diagnosing GERD in pediatric patients.