Which method is definitive for treating pyloric stenosis?

Pyloromyotomy is the definitive treatment for pyloric stenosis, a condition that affects infants and is characterized by the narrowing of the pylorus, which can lead to projectile vomiting, dehydration, and electrolyte imbalances. This surgical procedure involves making an incision in the muscle of the pylorus to relieve the obstruction, allowing food to pass from the stomach into the small intestine more easily.

The effectiveness of pyloromyotomy is well established, and it usually leads to an immediate resolution of symptoms. Postoperatively, most children tolerate feedings well, and the majority require only a short hospital stay.

In contrast, other methods such as medication management, endoscopic balloon dilation, or nasogastric decompression do not address the underlying anatomical obstruction caused by pyloric stenosis. Medication might help manage symptoms temporarily but does not correct the defect. Endoscopic balloon dilation has not been shown to be effective as a primary treatment for this condition, and nasogastric decompression is typically used to alleviate vomiting and improve hydration but does not resolve the structural issue. Thus, surgical intervention through pyloromyotomy is the only definitive approach to treat pyloric stenosis, making it the correct answer.