What is the primary treatment for foreign body aspiration in children?

The primary treatment for foreign body aspiration in children is bronchoscopy. This procedure involves the use of a bronchoscope, a flexible tube equipped with a camera and tools, which allows the physician to visualize the airways and remove the foreign object directly. Bronchoscopy is preferred because it is effective and minimally invasive compared to other surgical options.

In cases of foreign body aspiration, rapid intervention is crucial to prevent complications such as obstruction, infection, or permanent lung damage. Bronchoscopy provides both a diagnostic and therapeutic approach, enabling direct removal of the aspirated object, which alleviates airway obstruction and restores normal breathing.

Other treatment options, while relevant in different medical contexts, do not serve as the primary intervention for this specific issue. For instance, basic life support (BLS) may be necessary in emergencies to ensure the airway is clear, but it does not address the underlying problem of the foreign body itself. Similarly, endoscopy is typically used for gastrointestinal issues rather than airway obstructions, and tracheostomy is a more invasive procedure that is reserved for severe cases where long-term airway management is required. In most situations involving foreign body aspiration, bronchoscopy remains the most effective and immediate treatment option.