What is Meckel's diverticulum?

Meckel's diverticulum is indeed characterized as an outpouching of the distal ileum, which is a segment of the small intestine. It is a common congenital anomaly that results from the incomplete obliteration of the vitelline duct during fetal development. This outpouching typically occurs about 2 feet proximal to the ileocecal junction and can vary in size.

In terms of clinical significance, it may be asymptomatic, but can also lead to complications such as gastrointestinal bleeding, bowel obstruction, or inflammation, mimicking appendicitis. Understanding the geography and embryological origin of Meckel's diverticulum helps clarify its role in pediatric surgical considerations, as it is the most common congenital gastrointestinal anomaly in children.

The other options represent conditions unrelated to Meckel's diverticulum, highlighting the importance of distinguishing between various congenital and anatomical abnormalities in pediatric care.